The Arithmetic of Sustainability - Part 7: Beyond Fossil Fuels

The Arithmetic of Sustainability ← Series Home The preceding analysis has established the contours of a sustainable energy supply for Britain: a mix of indigenous renewables (wind, tide, solar thermal), imported solar power, and dense nuclear fission. However, the arithmetic of generation is only half the challenge. Electricity from fluctuating sources (wind, solar) does not always match the moment-to-moment demand of consumers and industry. ...

Lithium battery recycling and circular economy

The Perpetual Power Loop - Part 2: Lithium's Second Life: Powering Tomorrow with Closed-Loop Storage Materials

The Perpetual Power Loop 1 The Perpetual Power Loop - Part 1: The Great Recycling Revolution: 10 R's Transforming Energy Systems 2 The Perpetual Power Loop - Part 2: Lithium's Second Life: Powering Tomorrow with Closed-Loop Storage Materials 3 The Perpetual Power Loop - Part 3: The Sun and the Grid: Building Resilient Energy Systems with Circular Solar Power 4 The Perpetual Power Loop - Part 4: From Crops to Catalysts: Repurposing Lignocellulose in the Circular Chemical Industry 5 The Perpetual Power Loop - Part 5: Trash to Treasure: High-Value Products from Plastic and Agro-Food Waste ← Series Home $1.1T Global clean technology investment (2022) ...

Grid management and EVs

The Arithmetic of Decarburization - Part 8: The Gigawatt Gambit: Managing Fluctuations, Storage, and the Electric Vehicle Fleet

The Arithmetic of Decarburization: A Hard Look at the Energy Revolution ← Series Home The Integration Challenge Previous installments established that Austria could, in principle, generate 165 TWh of renewable electricity annually—enough for full decarbonization. But generating enough energy on average is not the same as having enough energy at every moment. The fundamental challenge of high-renewable systems is temporal mismatch: supply and demand rarely align perfectly, and the gap must be bridged by storage, demand flexibility, or interconnections. ...

Solar power scaling

The Arithmetic of Decarburization - Part 6: Sunshine Squared: Scaling Solar Power from Rooftops to Deserts

The Arithmetic of Decarburization: A Hard Look at the Energy Revolution ← Series Home Solar PV: From Niche to Mainstream Photovoltaic technology has undergone a remarkable transformation. Costs have fallen by over 90% since 2010, making solar the cheapest source of new electricity generation in most of the world. In Austria, solar PV represents the largest untapped renewable resource—estimated at 57 TWh/year RTP versus current generation of only 5 TWh/year. That means we are currently exploiting only 8.8% of our solar potential. ...