The Violence Tournament – Part 2: The Four Levers of Conquest
·998 words·5 mins
Three major factors explain Europe's success in military innovation:
Systems Thinking
The Violence Tournament – Part 1: The Paradox of Backwardness
·924 words·5 mins
In 900 AD, western Europe was poorer, more violent, and more backward than China, India, or the Muslim Middle East. By 1914, Europeans controlled 84 percent of the world's land surface.
The Portuguese Colonial Empire: A Systems Analysis
736 words
How a small kingdom built the first global empire – and why its ghost still haunts two continents.
The Salt Water Civilization: Why Our Metric for Progress Is Making Us Thirsty
·144 words·1 min
How did we arrive at a system that measures success by GDP, even as it depletes our planet and erodes our well-being?